Luninets & Kozhangorodok

Yizkor Book 


 

special thanks to: Avinoam Ron,
 Lou Keller, Mike Schutzel &
 Albert Latucha for their translations

this page last updated 10/20/2002

 from the introduction:

Among the memorial books for European congregations that were exterminated, is this book about the Jews of Luniniec and Kozanhorodok- -  an old congregation together with a young one in Polish - White Russia. It is told there about the lives of our parents, brothers and sisters on weekdays, sabbaths and holidays, on days of joy and sadness, on their dreams and wishes, their beliefs and longings.

This book should be placed on each of our tables. We should nourish our eyes in the pure images of our townpeople, pictures of schools, institutions, yeshivas, cultural institutions and cemetaries. We will read about constant struggle, or survival despite those struggles which did not stop the lives - - the public affairs, children's education, waiting for the Messiah, for healthy folk and a world that is good.

We, the remainders of these congregations who were granted liberation and restoration, will remember our brothers and sisters who dreamt about liberation and did not get it. Their memories will be preserved in our upright and revival.


 
 
 

The Neighboring Jews   page 22

Around Luninets there were many villages with approximately 150 Jewish families. Most were craftsmen and among them there were also grocers, merchants and flour millers. In religious matters and slaughter, the villagers were connected to the Luninets Jewish community. For example, when they had weddings or a bris, they needed a rabbi, a shochet, and mohel from Luninets. Also any funerals and burials were in Luniets.

In the villages, Lunin, Tzutvitz, Boshtin and Diatloviche, the Jews owned torah scrolls and they organized prayer groups for shabbat and holiday services. For the high holy days, they hired cantors from Luninets.

In the villages of Lunin, Tzutvitz and Boshtin, the parents hired bhebrew school teachers that taught from sukkot to passover and then from passover to Rosh Hashana.

We are unable to point out the names of the Jews that died during the Shoah, but we are indicating the number of families that lived in those villages:
 

Tzutzitz 

25 

Yazvinok 

Novoszeluk

  3

Roketnya

Vlota

  5

Yizibuk

3

Malkovitz

25

Vitzin

Boshtin

20

Dravsk

3

Dyatloviche

15

Tzna

3

Lovtza

  3

Volka 2*

10 

Lunin

20

Brodnitza

3

Volka 1*

 

 

 

*Volka 1 was near Lunin and Volka 2 was near Kozhangorodok


 

The founding group of Kibbutz Shaharia  page 30

Between 1922 and 1923 a group of pioneers organized in Luninets. The members of the group were the students of   'TZ' , that went through the preparation and training in Luninets. The group did not exist very long and the fact that the organizers emigrated 
to Israel caused the group to disband.

In 1933 which was a year of accomplishment for the Hocshara movement, within the Hachalutz that was in Poland and with the help of the members of the Workers of Zion group, and under  ' TZ ' and League for Eretz Yisroel ... formed  Kibbutz Shaharia in Luninets. The pioneers of  the kibbutz came from the factories of Horodiche and Pinsk.
Their main task was cutting trees . The salaries were very low due to many non-jewish workers that came from all over and offered their labor at a very low rate. The pioneers took those jobs including all the public works of the city.

The group consisted of 25 men that came from different cities and towns in Poland. Their location was used to organize the jewish youth in the city and strengthen the enthusiasm to move to Israel.

Due to the poor housing and bad living conditions, the group separated after 2 years, most of the members made aliyah to Israel.


 
 

The revisionists in Luninets were highly motivated and organized groups of pioneers that would be able to receive certificates to emmigrate to Israel. The head of the organization was Michael Ackerman , who during a very short time organized 4 groups. Two groups came from the lumberyards of Dyatloviche and Pruchontz. The other 2 groups were much smaller. The 1st of the 2 smaller groups came from Sankritz and they were a group of bricklayers and the second small group came from Horodische who were farmers and agriculture workers. In all these groups the order was at the highest level and highly motivated. The revisionists in Luninets were highly dedicated to their movement.

When Jabotinsky visited Pinsk, all the movement members greated him. They walked by foot to the Prypet River and from there sailed by steamboats to Pinsk. Jabotinski also visited Luninets. The most active members in the movement in Luninets were Berel Diatlovitsky, Dan Greenstein, Moshe Kunik, Mordechai Nissman and others. These members never made it to Israel. They died in the Holocaust, except Mordechai Nissman, he died before the destruction. By the way, he was an excellent organizer, highly successful in public appearance and a great leadership role in the revisionist movement in Luninets and the surrounding areas. 
 

Translated by Albert Latucha

Luninietz - Joseph Zavi

Between the thick virgin forests and swamps of Pinsk, where a primitive majesty hovered, dwelled an out of the way hamlet called Luninietz. The hamlet was inhabited by uneducated White Russian peasants, submerged in ignorance and wretched poverty. Suddenly, the hamlet was awakened from its deep sleep. Rumors were heard of the laying down of railroad tracks. The peasants did not believe what their ears heard, and attributed the rumors to a made-up story. But in the course of time the made-up story became reality. Engineers and officials came and began to survey. They built shacks; they dug canals; they leveled the valleys. At last, they decided that here, in this remote hamlet, would be built the main train station of a major intersection, not in Pinsk, the old city, nor in any other old town, but actually here. They began to drain the swamps around the railroad line, hundredsof workers, among them, skilled professionals who were Great Russians  (not Little Russians from the Ukraine, or White Russians from the surrounding countryside, but from the Russian Heartland). Their business was building houses and the placing of iron on wooden ties. Also, many of the inhabitants of the hamlet worked at various jobs for the government. The first time that the locomotive and the coaches made their appearance and the peassants saw it, they kneeled on their knees. The elders among them crossed themselves. This was close to the year 1880.

Jews were already living in Luninietz. They were occupied with agriculture or in the selling of the produce of the peasants. Also among them were tinsmiths, blacksmiths and harnessmakers. The first who had settled the place were Zadok Lichtenstein ( the blacksmith), Shlomo Gerstein (Shpunt) and others. The news that there was to be found a new source of livlihood among the railway workers spread among the Jewish inhabitants of the area who were scattered about in the villages close by such as Vulka, Diatlovich, Brodnitzke, Lunin, Dvoretz, Vichin, Bustin, and so on, but mostly from the village of Kozhanhorodok people began to stream to Luninietz to seek a source of livlihood. When there was no train, they went by foot in order to sell to the railway workers boots and other commodities. The hamlet of Luninietz quit its old appearance and took on a new one. New streets were built, complete neighborhoods with handsome houses.With the new construction even the designation was changed from the hamlet of Luninietz to Luninietz, town and railway junction. Luninietz-Vilna, Luninietz-Wasaw, Luninietz-Gomel, Luninietz-Rovno. All the settlements were joined to the magnificent railway station which had been built in Luninietz and, surrounded by large and handsome buildings, the new city took on a pleasant appearance. The whole community grew and as a result of this, there emerged a Jewish community composed principally of shoemakers, builders, tailors, shopkeepers, bakers, etc.

In the first years they prayed in a minyan ( a prayer group with a minimum of ten male adults) in the house of the Pulchovski family and when this house became too small to accomadate the congregation, it was decided to build a small synagogue and in the year 1895 a synagogue was ercted. The builder and the first treasurers were Tsadok Lichtenstein, Israel Tribuk, Moshe Wolf Diatlovitski, Aharon Feldman, Moshe Aharon Hofstein, Abba Tsukerman and David Greenstein. With the passage of a few years a rabbi was invited to the small community. Rabbi Alter Yehuda Zolyar (May his righteous memory be blessed) who had severd as Dayan ( a righteous judge) in the town of Liachovitch. He occupied the position as rabbi in the until its destruction in 1941. The large synagogue was named the "alte shul" ( old synagogue) to differentiate it from the newer synagogues that were built in the year 1905, the Horodoker and Ashkenazi. The former was large and magnificient and since the first builders were from the Chassidim of Stloin ( a city to the south ) it remained a center for the Stoliner Chassidim. There the rabbi who officiated was Rabbi Moshe Trigun. The important and wealthy people of the city, David Greenstein, the wealthiest man of the city, the Hofsteins, Gartsolin and the oldest Chassidim, Rabbi Moshe Wolf Diatlovitski, Alter Levin, the brothers Efraim Yitschok and Moshe Yosef Rubinraut, Moshe Baruch Cohen, Ever Lutzki. With the establishment of the synagogue and the invitation of the rabbi to the congregation, the Jewish community grew from day to day. The rumor that Luninietz would soon be a large city spread as if on wings. Jews began to stream not only from Kozhanhorodok but from places farther away, from Davidhorodok, Rovle, Stochoav and others. The need for various artisians grew, store keepers, merchants in order to satisfy the requirements of the large community. Stores were opened for men's suits, haberdashery and so on. The various workshops and the stores were centered close to the railway station which was called the Shuk (market). The distance between the railway station and the market was a walk of 4 to 5 minutes. All the passersby used to visit here and purchase their neccessities.

Until the year 1900, several streets remained under the status of a place where Jews were forbidden to live. There were instances when Jews who had come from Kozhanhorodok with a wagon of household belongings were forced to return. But with or without permission Jews settled in Luninietz, bribes "atoning" for their "sins" of breaking the law. Only in 1900 did the city receive an official designation as a place where Jews could legally reside.

The composition of the population and its number. The number of the complete population, until the outbreak of the Second World War, according to agreed upon sources, had reached to 10,000 souls. One third of them were Jews. The majority of the non-Jews were railway workers and government white collar workers.The remaining non-Jews were the farmers of Luninietz who worked their land and lived on the street known as Staro-slaska, which was called by the Jews, "Gentile Street", and on Cherkovna and Bradyelovka streets. Most of the railway workers were Polish and thus the population was composed of Russians, White Russians, Poles and jews. The Jewish community consisted fot the most part of workers and laborers: about 40 shoemakers, 18 tailors, 3 blacksmiths, 5 barbers, musicians from the Musikant family, 15 to 20 carpenters, 10 wagonmasters, butchers, leatherworkers, watchmakers and photographers. Some workerd in the railway workshop. The large carpentry workshop belonged to Moshe Yitzhak Flaxman. There were also owners of foodshops, men's clothing haberdasheries and lumberyards. Among the Christian population there were practically no artisans, they depended for such skills on the Jews. The livlihood of the wagonmasters depended primarily on deliveries for the large wholesale shop of David Greenstein and the flour business of Yehiel Bodankin. The sacks of flour and other merchandise were brought from the train platform of the warehouse of the railway staion to the warehouse of the merchants and from there to the retail shopkeepers. It was difficult to transport in the days of autumn as the streets were filled with mud. The paving of the roads began with the Polish rule after 1921. The Jewish settlement was not centered in one place or a special area, but was scattered among all the inhabitants.There were houses where the Jews and the Christians lived under one wooden roof.

The Jews concentrated in general in the neighborhood called "The Sands" (Dif die Zmed) and in the quarter around the marketplace and also about the large courtyard of Reb Leb Wolf Pecheneg. on Lagova Street. The relationships between the Jews and the Christins were not bad. There were families that were very friendly with the Christians. The farmers and railway workers needed the Jews for shoes, clothing and other goods. The shopkeepers, tailors and shoemakers gave their Christian customers everything on credit, and they had to collect the money owed them in partial payments. On the workers' paydays, the artisans and shopkeepers would visit their customers' homes and receive payment on account. Also, after 1905 when the Czarist government began to instigate anti-jewish riots, no disturbances or pogroms broke out in Luninietz. The houses of the Christian population  were built by Jewish builders and contractors. The chief contractor was Reb Lec Wolf Pecheneg who later immigated to the U.S.A. The second contractor was Reb Yacov Kashtan and his sons. The predominate language was Russian. Even the poles spoke Russian. But the peasants spoke White Russian (Byelorussian). When a dispute arose between a Jew and a Christian and reached a court of justice, in most instnces the Jew could expect fair treatment, and if his cause was just, he won. It happened that   a Christian ( in many cases a peasant) invited a Jew to arbitration before a Rabbi. The Jews did not suffer much at the hands of the police. And always useful was the proven means, "a gift in the hand" ( a bribe), and who of the Czarist  Officialdom was of  "clean palms" and did not recieve bribes ? I am reminded of the big trouble which occured to my father in the matter of my deceased brother who was called to service in the army 13 years after his death, In his birth certificate he had been registered in the name of Motel and in the family registration of the administrative office- the Upravna - in Kozhangorodok he was registered in the name of Mordechai. All the many neccesary authentications and other verifications as well, that Mordechai and Motel were the same, did not help until my father honored the Chief Inspector in Pinsk with 10 rubles. And only then was an agreement arranged that Mordechai and Motel were one. If they had not settled it this way, my father would have to pay a 300 ruble fine which was the fine for those who failed to report to military service.

In the firefighting volunteer group, Jews and Christians served together. Some members of the "Black Hundres" ( a Czarist organization of murderous anti-semites) were also to be found in Luninietz but even they were compelled to negotiate with the Jews, and, in the open, they did not have the audacity to incite against the Jews. The public schools were for the children of the railway workers and the children of the farmers. A high school was opened in 1917 and Jewish children were also accepted there. A city library did not exist, and only in 1917 was one established. The only cultural place in the city was the Kazyony Sud ( Municipal Garden). In the summertime concerts were given there.

from page 78

Ben Zion Lutzki - Thoughts and Memories

My heart feels for the missing. Would it be that they were and are no more now ?

From early youth I remember the image of my town Luninetz, its streets, alleys, and winding paths, all full of sun and light. The wooden houses  were covered with shingles, and through the windows, little children looked out - - children in schools and from families who work in integrity and innocence. I see my town in its holy sabbath and holiday atmosphere - -  the happy faces of workmen, shopkeeper merchants when they came to synagogue to pray - - their radiant images when they had guests for the sabbath or holidays. House owners who were dressed with nice clothes, walked slowly  home to sanctify the cup on Sabbath afternoon. Many walked in the municipal park or visited  family and friends, or went  to listen to a preacher in shul. Also, on the bridge above the railway station, there were many people walking, sometimes in groups, who would go beyond the iron bridge outside the city. Here and there, Zionist youth would assemble for a meeting or a lecture by a friend in his home. And from Shabbos to everyday life, hammers would work in the workshop, running and providing items. Housewives also worked, buying all that was needed. Here your ears  heard  the "vio" of a coachman when his full wagon would sink into the mud; the horse was stubborn and would not do more work until the men would gather and put their shoulders together to do a mitzvah and pull the wagon out of the mud. On the opposite curb you would see two housewives walking arm-in-arm - - -  righteous women who sought help and support for a failing families, the sick and the poor, Where are you gentle souls ?

Elul days brought a special liveliness to our town. The "horrible day" knocked on the door, when every Jew was anxious to do mitzvahs and good deeds. Before dawn the silence was disturbed by a hammer knocking on the samesh of the doors calling fo G-d's service for Slichot. Our people would be seen going out, with their talis under their arms,  holding a flashlight and, in its light, going to shul. The days were days of great work. Housewives were busy with cleaning, painting and preparation for the holidays. The hands of the workmen knew no weariness. The shoemaker and tailor didn't stop working until late hours, busy sewing shoes for the holiday and good clothes which the children of the town were proud of when they went together to the shul and, wth jealousy and boasting, looked  at each other. And already the voice of caparot was heard. Women and children hurried to the home of the slaughterer on the edge of town. The Day of Judgement was frightening. All in white robes, people sat in their homes and tortured their souls by fasting and praying in shul. After Yom Kippur, they put a peg for the succa. Before Succot, the children showed signs of activity. They helped decorate the succah, bringing covers and covering the succa. Slowly the city got a green look and, overnight, many succot sprung up and in them, the lights of candles and latterns could be seen.

Here and there open rooves were seen as the "wings" of the succa that were built in the houses for aim of the non-Jews who threw stones inside. The Hanukah holiday brought me good memories of the young ones. Draidles, turning cards, eating doughnuts prepared by the skilled hand and, above all, Hanukah gelt, was given generously by Dad and Mom, uncles and relatives, and other family members. Hours of interest passed until counting the coins, when  the children could add up their treasures. How many things could they buy with those coins ? A pair of ice skates maybe to go on the frozen lake or on the frozen town streets that were covered with ice and snow. From Hanukah to Purim, the joy of the day filled all people from small to adult. "Purim Games" with Rabbi Shamshel at first,  and then plays,  Joseph being sold, Ester the Queen, Ahashverosh, Haman, etc. Trays covered with white napkins carried in the cake. From house to house, gifts given to one another. The beggars assembled on door steps and enjoyed the generosity of the festive people who invited them to eat the Purim meal. Soon the days of Passover came - -  again everyone  was busy. It was easy to burn the hametz from the house and yards. Many chores were done in every house to make it kosher: painiting, airing books and clothes,etc. and, in the end, when all is ready for the holiday, came the the boiling of the dishes. Sparkling polished pots on one long rope were taken to the yard of the shul that was bustling with all the people that came there. The shamash was sweating near the boiling kettle,  taking the pots and putting them in the boiling water3 times. Sedar nights passed with a holiday feeling. Everyone was with their own family. It was an important experience to be together. The kids were busy from morning to evening playing with nuts. This took place in the shul yard - -  especially at the central place in the yard of Rabbi Moshe Wolf  Diatlovitski of blessed memory. Kids walked all the Pesach days with their pockets full of nuts. And, at a meeting place, made holes in the earth with the heels of their shoes to use as targets for their nuts. These were glorious days, washed with sunlight and brightness of childhood.

Many years passed on the Jewish settlement of  Luninetz and made their mark on the economic and social lives. The war years, 1914-1917 , caused the economic standards of living to fall. Unemployment increased because of the absense of the heads of households, who were inducted into the army. Indeed, here and there good sources of substance were found for some families who, as contractors and sub-contractors, started to provide different necessities for the Russian army. Also, injury to life and damage to property in our town resulted from German bombings and exchange of gunfire. How can one forget the horrible night of the zeppelin, the giant "iron bird" that scared everyone. The time we fled to the forrests near sunset looking for hiding places from this scarecrow. The entrance of the German army in 1917 froze life. But slowly, slowly, our people adapted to the situation, coming in contact with the conquerors, and life slowly went on.

from page 80

Zehava Shocat- I'll Not Forget You, Luninetz

Many years have passed since the time my footstep stood in Luninetz. My eyes saw a plaza with trees, many long rows of platforms, and huts used as workshops, and selling foods, tea shops of all kinds.. It was the commercial center. And, on many streets with small bent houses and most roofs covered with green and rotting moss, windows without shutters, sand mounds near every house as protection against the cold winter. Almost every house was twisted because of its inadequate foundation.. Even the birch trees that are strong and which grew in the yards of the houses couldn't disguise the poverty. And it was very hard to walk on the rotten wood sidewalks with its many pits and holes. More than once, my feet sunk in to the point that a great deal of work was required to remove them. The black, gooey mud that even defiled our overshoes, left grief to the depth of our heart. Only during the summer, this mud dried and turned to dust, which then ate at our eyes and lungs.

There was a section of Luninetz, near the forest, that provided freshness and light. When you went out on a summer day to breathe fresh air and enjoy the light of the sun on the way to the forest, the sand hill, green fields and fragrant pine trees, you saw the beauty of nature in this town.

Sad and unhappy were usually the fate of the people who made their living in workshops or as small traders. And over the later years, this was compounded by hatreds. The banning(?) and government taxes that suck their bones. With such heroism, the Jews of Luninetz fought for their poor survival! How many tricks were used in this tragic battle. If, G-d forbid, one came down so much that he couldn't get bread anymore, the merciful Israeli wives would come and help fight the starvation.

The young rebelling people could not agree to the bitter reality and dreamt of new lives in Israel. And not only did they dream, they got ready to go there and materialize the sacred and national wishes, and found satisfaction in a club, a party, or organization, and preparing for the longing country which tied his life and future. The crown of the national youth was the Hebrew school Tarbut. This corner gave light for all Jews and took away their sadness. School children among them, very excellent and talented, spoke only Hebrew among them- selves. One Yehuda corner was a shelter in my imagination on the poor memory I had of Luninetz. But alas, this place, too, got darkened by the calamity of brothers graves that took our dear ones to a cruel death. I'll never forget my town, Luninetz.
 

 from page 90

Rabbi Ever Lutzky

Rabbi Ever Lutzky came to Luninetz from the nearby village of Volka (Wulka). Tall and healthy and with his characteristics, he was the aristocrat of our town. Dressed nicely, combed beard, a pretty and nicely furnished and spacious home with a modern succah with main entrance and steps, yard and cowshed all in order, whole like a noble man. Rabbi Ever was an expert on forests and trees, a broker (?). Forest merchants and nobleman would get his advice- - - estimates on the number of trees that could be cut, quality, etc. Until the first war, he worked as a supervisor of big forest merchants all week and sometimes, for several weeks in succession, he was outside, away from his home. When the war began and the trades stopped, he became a permanent citizen in our town and his public involvement started.

He was one of the few in town that understood the young. I once found in his house a book, "World History" by Kalman Shulman from Vilna and his book, "Garden Delight" by Rosenfeld, and other books that showed his cultural reflection.

With the Polish conquest, he gave his hand to Zionist, was socially active with Karen-Hayesod. In my time, he was involved on consolidation of the Hebrew school by trying to acquire the big house of nobleman Shtz (?). In Polish rule there was a representative in the registrate of municipality. He died before the holocaust.  At the time of the Russian occupation.


 

Haya Henia Rubinraut - by Zeer Ben Yishai

To Luninetz came a lady from Kozhangorodok, a widow and her sons who were the richest in town. But she didn't want to be dependent on them; she wanted to support herself. Her sons bought her a big house and there she opened an inn, run by herself and two daughters.

She was tall, clean, even tempered and well dressed. Everyday, she piously went to shul. She was known for her hospitality. Her inn was kosher and her guests included famous merchants and Hassidim who came to the Rabbi. But people said that the inn was opened, not for support, but for the rabbi from Stolin for whom she was an enthusiastic fan. Her belief in him knew no boundaries. Every word from him was like a word from heaven. She went to all weddings and parties in his court and was his main collector.

Every new year she would go to Stolin with the Rabbi Hassidim to pray there. When the Rabbi was traveling and he came to Luninetz, he would come to her inn and she would be endlessly happy. She was like one flying on the wings of shecina when he was there. She would see his holy face and her face radiated from happiness.

When she was old she wanted to go to Israel, be there her last days, and be buried close to her mother's place. ( Her mother had gone to Israel from Kozhangorodok in the 1890's and was buried on the Mount of Olive.) Her wish didn't come true. She died at an old age, before extermination of the Polish Jews. Her memory shall be blessed.

 from page 180 Translated by Lou Keller

1939

Yacov Musicant's wife,  who was the daughter-in-law of Shimon the Klezmer, as she went to the tower of the Ghetto,  she lost 5 gold rubles.  This was noticed by a German and she was sentenced to death.  The death sentence was carried out right there.  The woman lay there 24 hours as an example for all the Jews to look at her.  This is what happened to Jews who hid gold.

 from page 204 Translated by Lou Keller

Jacob Ackerman's memoirs - The Klezmorim

At that time they didn't use a family name in the town.  But each family had their own name.  Thus, there were the "Klezmers", the "Breiners", the "Nachmanaers."

The "Klezmers" consisted of Yacov the Klezmer with his Kapellia (orchestra) and his sons.  The Nachmaners were from Nachman Yitzhak and Breiners from the grandmother Breina with her husband Dovid.  If there was a wedding in the town, Yacov the Klezmer first went to the in-laws to make a deal to play at the wedding.  Saturday night, on the week of the wedding, Yacov with his orchestra came to the bride to play in honor of her and the in-laws to play a nice Mazel Tov.  The girls gathered, the bride's relatives and friends and each girl received from her father a 10 piece or a grivinek. The girls danced a quadrille or a polka.  Thus the evening was spent.  The day of the wedding different klezmers came to the in-laws to get a list of guests and went house to house to play a fine Mazel Tov in honor of the in-laws.  The wedding itself was a different story.  The bride sat down and the groom was
brought to meet her and then they were honored in the synagogue.

(Here, Lou gives the gist of what followed)

At the banquet there was a competition between the Musicants and other upstart orchestras.  There were toasts and gifts of money to the couple. The klezmers job was to bid up the amount of the gifts with music.  At the end of the evening, the money was counted up and the Klezmers got a percentage.  Another orchestra showed up regularly and there were competitors but were given some work.  Eventually they merged into one orchestra.


 

Haim Ben Mamim (Gluibersen)

Haim came to Luninetz from Motel, birth place of the Israeli president Chaim Weitzman, the author Mordicai Tsherminski, son of a worker, was mixed with different people, especially simple ones. His schoolroom was, first at Horodok Hassidics and most pupils were workmen. Until the 1914 World War, he taught out of town; in 1918 he returned. During his time, interest in Zionism grew. He was loyal to both Zionism and Hebrew and was a perfect teacher, like no other. He changed his name to Hebrew and, while still in Luninetz, talked to everyone in Hebrew.

They say that, when he went to Pinsk, he spoke to the clerk in Hebrew. The clerk looked at him and didn't know what he wanted until some others got involved and explained that he wanted to go to Pinsk.

During those days, there was a Polish ban on Jewish goods. He learned that in one Jewish store, Polish shoe paste was sold. He entered the store, asked for that paste, and then threw it in the face of the shopkeeper. He created quite a scandal, but, from then on, no more Polish products were sold.

He was powerful in his opinions, didn't forgive small things  in the Zionist idea, didn't hide from insult. He did more than usual. Once he called for a meeting and not enough people came. He postponed the meeting to another day and again, people did not come. But he was never hopeless.

 from page 207 Translated by Lou Keller 

 My youth - Max Schneiderman 

In 1904-5, at the age of 19, I left for America. But the memory of the town has remained deep inn my heart. Though I did not spend much time in Kozanhorodok, I know one thing. Kozanhorodok was a nice, poor, little town. It had a river watermill and bodvroinie, the beautiful fragrant forest, with its pine and poplar (?) trees.

The old people told us that according to plans, the railroad was supposed to run through Kozanhorodok. For that to happen an officer had to be bribed. Unfortunately, the high sum demanded was beyond the means of the town. Kozanhorodok remained without a train. The shoemakers, tailors and carpenters moved to Luninets to find income.

The remaining poor folk lived off each other, the goyim and surrounding villages. Here were fairs four times a year. Two in winter and two in summer. [if you are interested, I'll describe the fairs too you].

Great spenders we were not. Most of our money went for potatoes and bread. Several dishes were made from potatoes. I remember that they used to cook fish potatoes. Fish in the pot, there was not, but they threw their onions and peppers into the potatoes and called it fish potatoes. [ skipping one paragraph - it lists the Rabbis, slaughterers, etc.]

Too much love the Kozanhorodok Jews did not have for the Luninets Jews. [a taste of Yiddish construction syntax]They were jealous. One thing the Jews of Kozanhorodok were sure of, in a hundred years the Luninitser Jews will arrive in Kozanhorodok . The Cemetery was in Kozanhorodok and the Kozanhorodok Jews never caused the Luninets dead any 
difficulties.

In the cold shul, there were all sorts of paintings on the ceiling and the walls. There was a carved Holy Ark, that held about 50 Torah scrolls, small, medium and large. In the evening of Simchat Bet Ashavah, musicians used to play in the shul. The shul looked like a fortress and had a high cupola.

My great-grandfather Yankel (Yakov) the klezmer, used to sit in a corner of the eastern wall. Being his first great grandson, I accompanied him to prayers. He was a close relative of the David Horodek Rabbi, who sprang from the roots of the Chernobyl Magid (preacher a magid was more than a preacher. He taught, enlightened, and broadened the horizons. The foregoing may be a bit obtuse ).

Being a young boy of respectable parents, he studied to become a medic (studied feldcherai) and also studied music. Because he was an orphan, and had to earn a living, he became a klezmer.

He was a rare person a very charitable man. He died in 1896. My grandmother (should be great grandmother) Bashe was a righteous woman, a provider for the poor. Every Thursday she would go through the town and collect food for the needy. She organized other women to help her. She not only collected from others, But contributed herself. That's how Bubbe Bashe conducted herself in Luninets after she moved there. She distributed the "chalah for 
Shabbes"; (the food) discreetly, she should, G-d forbid embarrass poor Jews. A small town with Jewish hearts.

 The Rise of the Jewish Settlement

Eighty to 90 years ago [article written in about 1952 therefore refers to the period c. 1860-70] Luninets was a small cast-away village, in the middle of the Pinsk marshes, where not even one Jewish family could be found. 

The population consisted of farmers, that used to travel to Kozanhorodok to sell their farm products and to purchase the necessary wares, fabrics and tools. Only in the 70's of the last century, when they began to build the Homel-Brisk rail tracks near Luninets and started to erect the railroad station did the Jews from Kozanhorodok appear.. They were artisans and merchants that earned money from the train workers. Jews, however, according to the laws of the Pale of Settlement could not settle in the town. They couldn't even sleep over.
Every evening they had to return to Kozanhorodok. Life was tough, but what doesn't a Jew do to earn a livelihood? A greater tide of migration into Luninets occurred years later when the Baranowitsh-Sarne line passed the own, and the large train bridge, over the Pripet River began to be built. Due to the huge marshes, several thousand workers were employed and the project dragged on for several years. The laborers were good customers. Not only did Jews arrive from Kozanhorodok but also from Lachva, David Horodok and even from Pinsk. But they were prohibited from living in Luninets. 

As told by the elders of Pinsk, the engineers who built the Baranowitsh-Sarneline made an offer to the Jews of Pinsk. For a large sum of money, the engineers would run the rail line through Pinsk and not Luninets and thus make Pinsk a rail hub.

The Pinsk Jews felt that if there was a plan to run the line through Pinsk it would happen without the bribe. They could not believe that Luninets and not Pinsk would be a railroad hub. The line passed through Luninets as foretold by the engineers.

From then on Jews settled in Luninets ignoring the law. The Jews suffered greatly at the hands of the Czarist police. They had to bribe, to remain in town. At that time, Luninets had neither a Bit Medrosh ; [literally a 'house of study '. It was that, but it also served as a house of prayer on weekdays LK] nor a cemetery. The dead had to be buried in Kozanhorodok.

This scene repeated itself, whenever large railroad stations were built near villages where Jews were not allowed to reside.

Unable to stop the Jews from settling near stations, the Czarist regime issued a special statute according to which 109 villages, including Luninets, residing in the domain of the Pale of Settlement, were recognized as Pasadn, where Jews were allowed to dwell. [cannot find the word Pasad - must be area - could come from the Polish word pas or pasek which means belt - a subscribed circled area LK]

The Jewish settlement was beginning to grow. Houses were being built, also three "beit medrashim" and bath [?mikveh]. The cemetery was laid out.

All of this is was happening at the sacrifice [on the account] of Kozanhorodok which was shrinking from year to year. The artisans and merchants moved to Luninets. Kozanhorodok emptied and remained deserted. 

Since all the land in Luninets belonged to the peasant organization, the Jews as well as the Christian non-peasants, had to lease the land on which to build their houses. The lease had to be renewed every 12 years. That was an expensive proposition. The peasant owners had to be bribed with a bottle of whiskey at every lease renewal. 

That did not phase the Jews, and the settlement continued to grow. In the first world war, in the fall of 1915, the Germans captured Pinsk. Luninets was in turmoil. The richer Jews left Luninets and rode deeper into Russia. The front, however remained at the Yaselde River, 40 km from Luninets. The enemy did not reach Luninets. His planes, however, reached the town and dropped bombs. Many refuges arrived from German occupied territories. A Jewish committee was formed, that provided the refugees with food, dwelling and clothing. Even after the war Luninets had much to endure. The town was occupied by the so-called Officer's League, of the Russian and then Polish army.

Eventually, after the Riga Treaty, Luninets remained part of Poland. Normal life returned. Luninets became a district capital. 

[ A comment on the designation by the Russians of towns and villages. Jews were not allowed to live in cities, because they would be too close to government and its secrets. Near churches, because they were anti-Christ etc, etc. However, when they needed money, they would change a town where Jews were permitted to dwell into a village they were not or vice versa and give them (the Jews) a choice between moving out or paying an extra penalty. Shalom - Lou]

The Economic Life

The Jewish Storekeepers, artisans, small merchants and workers in Luninets drew most of their income from the peasants, railroad workers and government employees. The latter benefited from very liberal credit arrangements.

The relations between the Jews and Christian communities were good.

The Jew was the stable outlet for the products of the peasants, as well as the employer of many Christians in the forest holdings.

All the above changed with the introduction by the government of the "owshem" ("our own") policy. [in our town the leaflets read "swoi do swiego" "us for ourselves" LK]. It was the start of a general boycott of Jewish products and workers.

The artisans and storekeepers carried on a bitter struggle against the destructive policies of the government and its institutions. In the last years, the propaganda and boycotts against the Jewish businessmen and workers broadened and became more organized. 

Christians opened private and co-operative stores, and with government guidance established clothing and footwear workshops. That, plus the import of ready made (ready to wear) goods, forced many Jewish tailors and shoemakers to close their stores In spite of the relief offered by the Jewish co-operative banks, the exit of the Jews from their businesses continued.

The Youth

The new Jewish generation found itself in a desperate situation. Because of the prevailing discrimination, the Jewish youth was shut out of any government or town positions. There were no industrial establishments in town ND no other prospects for gainful employment.

In Luninets, as in other Polish cities and towns, a large proportion of the Jewish youth was jobless and idle. Under those conditions some of the youth chose a negative path. They joined the illegal Communist Party. That was not the case in Luninets. Here most were Zionists, who chose the path of the halutz, hachshara, and alyiah. They strived to join their fate with the land of Israel

The Beginning of the End

With the outbreak of the Second World War in September of 1939, the town was threatened with occupation by the savage Hitler forces. The entry of the Red Army was, therefore, greeted warmly. However, with the establishment of the Red power, in Luninets, the town's Jewish, national, communal and cultural life ceased. All organizations, including the "kehilah" were disallowed. The assets of the people and the banks were confiscated. The Hebrew "Tarbuct" schools, became Jewish schools without Jewish content. The 2,500 book Tel Chai library, after all the books with national or social topics were eliminated was transferred to the public library. The rich Jewish newspapers, the Heint (Today), Moment and Das Wort (The Word) were replaced by a sheet called October, that carried general Soviet news. The only thing Jewish about October were the letters. The Jewish population of Luninets had to deal with the reality. A new existence.



The End

The Soviet regime lasted until the end of June, 1941 when Luninets was occupied by Hitler's army. The Hitler bands immediately began liquidating the Jewish Community. In two mass butcheries, they annihilated the whole Jewish population. In the first onslaught, in the month of Menachem Av, 1941, thy killed practically all the men of 14 and older. The women, children and a few men were sent to the ghetto. In the second action, in Elul 1942, they destroyed the ghetto and the remainder of the Jews. 

All their belongings were looted by the Christians.

Thus the lively, pulsating Jewish Luninets was erased from the earth. Her 3,000 residents rest in two brother graves outside the town, along the Pinsk-Baranowitch road .
 
 


the end.


 

Kozhanhorodok

 

Rechov Hachol - Zemer Street

 

1.   Kobel, Shlema  and  Chana

2.   Gottlieb, Rachel   and 3 children

3.   Lutzki, Leibka  and Shayna-Haya

4.   Guzunterman ,Rosa  and 2 children

5.   Gelman, Pinsa & Hishka and 4 children

6.   Gelman, Aaron & Chaya-Tovah and daughter Shaindel

7.   Gelman, Azriel  & Shaindel daughter Baya and 3 small children

8.   Latucha, Leiba  & Etel, son Menache daughter Shana-Chaya

9.   Plotnik, Eliezer  & Chana, son Sholom and daughters Baya and Shooksa

10. Krupchik, Rivka 

11. Kushner, Rivka  and husband

12. Yudevitch, sisters Hiska and Elke 

13. Kasovsky, Nechama & Haya, daughter Pasha, son Zebulin and 2 small children

14. Lipshitz, Asher & Sonia and son Baruch

15. Dreyfus, wife Paiya and 2 children

16. Goldman, Noah  & Rachel, daughters Rivka and Malka, son Asser and 2 small children

17. Lutzki, Widow of Berel Lutzki 

18. Lutzki, Aysel  & Chava son Abraham, daughter Perel and 3 little children

19. Ginsburg, Moshe & wife Leba

20. Zlotnik, Simcha   and daughters Chana and Leja

21. Yaknyuk, Heshka  sons Wolf and Bar daughter Baska and 2 little children

22. Gelman, Bayla  her son Avrahum and daughter Basha

23. Gelman, Jacob & Itka, 3 children

24. Zlotnik, Nechama 

25. Plotnik, Aryeh & Haska and sons Lieb, Zalman and David

26. Gelman, Yisroel  & Chava-Tzerel and daughters Chaya, Leja and Rashke

27. Gaum, Sisters Fruma and Miriam 

28. Kolinchik,  Naftoli & Rivka,  and daughters

29. Gelman, Reuben & Chaska, sons Leib, Zalman and David

30. Gass, Golda and daughters Chaya and Chava and sons Abraham, Dov & Jacov

31. Kolinchik, Noah & Chava

32. Gaum, Tzvi & Bayla, daughters Yehudit & Duba, sons Daniel and Zusman

33. Gelman, Chana  daughters Miryam,Chena and son Yacov

34. Lutzki, Mordecai & Chaya-Edel, son Moshe and little daughter

35. Kopchik,  Reuben  & Chana-Rachel and daughter

36. Kolnik, Smuel  and sons Yitchok-Meir and Yonah

37. Goldman, Moshe Yacov & Bluma

38. Ziperstein, Naftoli & Chaya-Malka and son Abraham

39. Ziperstein, Michal &  Chaya

40. Ziperstein, Mordecai & Duba

41. Yosef Schmid, & Sara-Dina, son Yacov and 4 children

42. Zekelman, Zelig & Chaya-Gittle, daughter Rachel and 4 children

43. Levin, Berel & Dina 

44. Shulman, Feivel  son Moshe and daughter Miryam

45. Dravsky, Nacham & Marcia and children

46. Gelman , Avraham & Tzvia & Belyka

47. Gelman , Tzeril & Brucha

48. Shapira, Yacov & Dina and 2 children

49. Shapiro, Meir 

50. Holman, Tevye and 3 daughters

51. Cohen, Hershel  wife Chana and 3 children

52. Cohen, Leja and 2 daughters

53. Sosnik, Hershel wife Tzivia and children

54. Holman, Yosef  wife Sara, son Eitza-Ber and 4 small children

55. Susnik, Isik wife Chana and 4 children

56. Susnik, Hershel and wife Rebeca

57. Susnik, Isik  wife Sipora and children

* 58. Yonkel and wife Nechama

59. Gulin, Mechal  wife Chaya and sons Aharon-Izik, Moshe-Arya,daughters Chaya & Bracha

60. Lev-Wolf Kutner, wife Devorah and 3 children

61. Zekelman,  Avraham, wife, son Dov and 2 daughters

62. Zekelman, Chaya

*63. Nechama the widow of Yizchok-Michal

64.Yacov son of Yitzchok-Michal wife & 2 children

65. Ginsburg, Yosef & Sara-Feigel and 2 children

66. Schusterman, Bina & Feigel

67. Topzik, Basha-Edel daughter Ben-Zion and daughter Chaya

68. Topzik, Smuel & Chaya and 2 children

69. Shulman, Moshe-Yosef & Freidel & 2 children

70. Feldman, Aron & Ester . daughter Getzel and children

71. Kunter, Moshe-Leib & Feigel, children Sara-Rivka,, Basha & Dov

*72. Peretz,         & Chaya and children

73. Colodny, Pinchas & Feigel son Tzvi

74. Colodny, David & Zelda and son Yosef

75. Topzik, Natan & wife and 2 children

76. Zaretski, Natan & Chaya and 3 children

77. Colodny, Moshe & Chana and daughter Tzivya

78. Ziperstein, Moshe & Elizhva, daughte Raizel and baby

79. Ziperstein, Benush

80  Topzik, Leibel & Kryna , Tzierel, Aron-Moshe & Yosef

81. Kirshner, Zalman & Rivka daughters Golda & Sara

82. Osovski, Leah & children Yacov & Bata

83. Kuval, Moshe-Leib & Ester

84. Kuval, Meir & Sema 4 children

85. Shulman, Mendel & Bashka, son Hershel and 3 little children

86. Perlman, Aron & wife, sons Baruch & Avraham and daughter Bayla and ssmall child

87. Klinkobowski, wife Tovak, and daughter Chana

88. Fishman, Zelig & wife and 3 children

89. Fishman, Smuel & Haya

90. Fishman, Yisroel & wife & 2 children

91. Fishman, David & Michla, sons Meir & Isik

92. Fishman, Moshe & Rachel & 2 children

93. Margolin, Malka

94. Margolin, Yacov & Miryam & children

95. Glinson, David wife Miriam & 4 children

96. Yerachmiel ben Mendel the butcher, wife Itka and 2 children

97. Topzik,  Shushka & son Zelig

* 98. Itzlis, Yosef & Chaya  2 children and sister Shaindel

99. Shapiro, Baruch-Nach, wife Itka and 4 children

 

Rechov Hashuk - Market Street

100. Baluvstjen, Aron  Rachel and 4 children

101. Lutzki, Yosef  Rachel-Adel and daughter Chaya

102. Kolnik,  Mordecai-Nesel & Chana  and 5 children

103. Schwartzman, Aryia & Sloyka 

104. Shulman, Moshe-Yehuda & Yehudit   and daughter Chaya

105. Alter  & Yentel Fishman

106. Shulman, Peretz & Rachel  and 2 children

107. Shulman, Berel & Chana and 2 children

108.GELMAN,  AVREMEL & EDEL  AND DAUGHTERS RACHEL & CHASHE

109. Lutzki, Moshe & Miriam  and child

110. Yoseh the brother of Chaim-Zelig, the teacher, wife Leah & son Moshe

111. Shulman, Elezer & Rivka  and daughters Masha, Chishe,  Fegel and little girl

112. Yudelvitch, Dov wife and child

113. Portnoy, Mordecai & Sonya  and daughter Geishe

114. Vilk, Alter & Chana  and daughters Rachel & Chaya-Sheindel

115. Vilk, Yosef & Bashke 

116. Dravsky, Moshe & Bayla  and children

117. Shulman, Nacham & Nechama and 2 children

118. Alta & Leah and 3 children

119. Lutzki, Nacham  & wife & family

120. Yistrubleski, Meir & Bashke 

121. Olenik, Mordecai & Bashe 

122. Olenik, Nechama   daughter Bashke and another daughter

123. Latucha, Menache & Geshe  and 5 children

124. Latucha, Wolf & Rachel  and Sara

125. Lutzki, Yosef & Rachel-Adel  and daughter Chaya

126. Lutzki, Elke son Moshe and 3 daughters

127. Lutzki, Zelig and wife

128. Lutzki, Yerachmiel  and wife

129. Kubul, Moshe-Lev & Elke-Rocha  and daughters Chava-Tzerel, Michla amd Chaya

130. Brodnitzki, Raizel

131. Vilk, Yacov  and 2 sons

132. Kolnik, Herschel  & wife

133. Shapiro, Baruch & Etke  and 3 children

134. Shevitz, Menache & Doba 

135. Shevitz, Lebel & Rivka and 3 children

136. Begelman, Iska  her sons Lebel & Dovid and 3 daughters

137. Shevitz, Mordecai & Breyna 

138. Gelman, Smuel & Cherna  and 4 children

139. Latucha, Yehoshua & Freidel 

140. Kushner, Nutcha & Freidel 

141. Kushner, Yudl & Hishke  and Baske 4 children

142. Scwartzman, Herschel & Nechama  and son Yacov  4 daughters

143. Mendel the butcher,  wife and children

144. Lipski , Avraham-Tzvi & Leah , Nachman, Elke, Teibel and Sara

145. Gelman, Yisroel & Nechama  and 4 children

146. Schvorin,  Elezer & Rebeca  and 5 children

147. Katzman, Yacov & Leba-Chaya  and children

148. Topzik, Shmuel & Raizel  daughter Bashka, son Chaim and 3 small children

149. Cohen, Moshe & Tzerel  and children

150. Holman, Berel & Miriam  and 2 children

151. Dravsky,Tzvia 

152. Dravsky, Moshe & Golde 

153. Begelman, Nachman & Sarah  and 2 children

154. Cohen, Yacov & Feigel  and son Yitzchok

155. Bacovchik, Chanah  2 daughters Bashke, Rachel and  Yitzchok

156. Rodman, Ben-Ziyon & Rachel  and 2 children 

157. Rodman, Sarah  and daughter Chava

158. Rodman, Rav Yacov & Mila & children

159. Dravski, Yerachmiel & Ester and daughterYentil

160. Lictenstein, Hershel & Golda

161. Risha the orphan

162. Korovoshko, Avigidal & Bashke  & 2 children

163. Korovoshko, Devosha

164. Holman, Eliezer & Feigel and 3 children

165. Holman, Avraham

166. Holman, Daniel & wife and 2 children

167. Olenik, Leah

168. Gam, Yosef & Bashka & children

169. Lipshitz, Chaim & Devorah

170. Kolnik, Nachum and sons Naftoli & Feivel & daughters Leja & Tzierel

171. Plotnik, Shimon & Tovah

172. Bravksi, Feigel daughters Duba & Sara

173. Lipski, Shimshon & Sara

174. Milman, Chaim & Ester

175. Akiva the butcher

176. Kunter, Aba & wife, 3 children

177. Krykun, Meir & Sima & 5 children


 

Luninets/Luniniec

Rechov Shakolna

1. Zolyar, The Rabbi Elter Yehuda blessed memory & his wife the Rebitzin

2. Zipperstein, Asher, wife Tzviya and sons and daughters

3. Zipperstein, Chana , husband Nachma Glazerman & 4 children

4. Cohen, Chaim wife Dina and children

5. Sandruk,  wife of Myron & 4 children

6. Finklestein, Chasha, her daughter & sister Chasha

7.  Kutzekovich, Yisroel , wife and daughters Feigel & Sara

8. Kutzekovich, Ester & huband Yosef Yudovitz & 2 children

9. Ginsburg, Chana & daughters Elke & Rivke

10. Sondrok, Avraham and son Berel

11. Flack, Ester , daughters, Golda, Sara,  Malka, Rachel and son Akeba

12. Vineman, Bresha wife & children

13. Flack, Avraham, & Chava, sons Yehoshua,Moshe, Akiva, and Shmuel daughters, Chaya,     Feigel and Shaindel

14. Kutznitz, Elihu & Teibel and daughter Sara-Leah

15. Zolar, Godel & Chaya and children

16. Kutznitz, Chaim , wife and 2 children

17. Gurevitz, Nachma and sons Ruben and Izzy

18. Brodnitzki, David & Tzivya and daughter Rivka

19. Brodnitzki, Feigel  and 2 children

20. Holtzman, Sholom & Batya

21. Kobal, Shmuel-Yacov and 4 children

22. Lutzki, Aron and 3 children

23. Winograd, Shlomo , wife and 3 children

24. Topzik, Chaim-Moshe wife and 2 children

25. Topzik, Asher & Devorah & 2 children

26. Molir,  Lezer, wife & children

27. Goldberg, Yisroel wife & children

28. Diatlovitski brothers & Chaim Miloshnik

Rechov Shakovna

29. Brevda, Leibel & Leah

30. Brevda, Chaim & daughter

31. Brevda, Mordecai,  wife & children

32. Bravda, Avraham-Mei, wife & daughterr

33. Felcov, wife of Zelig 3 children

34. Ortrinski, Shamai & Bashka & their son

35. Kutzekovich, wife of Leibush

36. Zelingold, Eiser , wife Zelta children Zev, Bayla & Freida

37. Kolodny, Yehuda-Lev, wife Ester

38. Mushnik, the widow, her daughter & husband Vinchelboyim & children

39.Goldschmid, Asher wife Sonia & children

40. Goldschmid, Gronya & husband Shlomo Brodkin & children

41. Goldschmid, Pesach & husband Leibel Zodik  & children

42. Kodman, wife of Berle and 4 children

43. Shreduk, Dina

44. Shreduk, Meir & wife & 4 children

45. Shreduk, Hershel & wife & 4 kids

46. Shreduk, Chaim & wife & 4 kids

47. Gershtein, Sendar wife and 2 children

48. Gershtein, Yisroel wife and 4 children

49. Gerstein, Shlomo wife and 3 children

50. Gerstein, Moshe wife & 4 children

51. Stolar, Benyomin, wife Sara & 3 children

52. Dennenberg, Hannah and family

53. Reznik, Berel wife and children

 

54. Divorim, Yitzhok wife & 3 children

55. Lutzki, Moshe-Yitchok & Ester & children

56. Plotnik, Label & Risha & children

57. Sarbrovski, Chaim & Rebeka

58. Ginsburg, Yitzhok wife & 4 children

59. Nisman, Yitzhok, wife and daughter Chaya

60. Shulman, Aharon , wife & children

61. Stacovski, Yechezkiel & wife 

62. Stacovski, Bezalel & wife & 3 children

63. Fitner, Yosef  & Sepora & 2 children

64. Glazerman, Avraham-Moshe & Esther & 3 children

65. Bashevitz, Yitzchok & Rachel and children

66. Dvinski , Moshe, & wife & 3 children

67. Dvinski, Chaya & husband Veroviyovski & child

68. Kliner, Yacov & wife

69. Rosenkrantz, Yisroel & Devorah and son Eliezer

70. Kesler, Yehuda & Esther daughters Roni & Chana

71. Katz, Yitzchok & Merel

72. Katz, Yisroel wife & 2 children

73. Bloshinski's neighbor wife Ester & children 

74. Bayshik, Nachama & daughter Zipora

75. Golmba, Gidlayhu & Zelda and son Alter

76. Sandruk, Asher & Krina and children

77. Gindler, Yosef & Perel and son Yitzchok

78. Rubinstein, Easak & Hadassah & 2 children

79. Kaplan, Yenta and son Chaim

80. Zshuk, Avraham-Aharon  wife and daighter Yentil

81. Zshuk,  Mendel wife & 2 children

82. Zshuk, Ester , husband & 2 children

83. Pecter-Blohoska and daughter Tovah

84. Zshuk, Yacov wife & children

85. Schvartzman, Avraham & Bashka, Shimon, Los & wife

86. Loos, Shimon & wife

87. Plotznik, Meir & Chava-Rachel

88. Lashinski, Menachem wife & 4 children

89. Hofstein, Bracha 

90. Hofstein, Yechiel & Hala

91. Steinman, Mateyhu & Gisha & children

92. Diatlovitski, Yisroel & wife Brita

93. Gersulin, David-Litman

94. Bowman, Zletka & sons Aharon, Mordecai & Tzvi

95. Grynstein, Moshe and & Pesel

96. Grynstein, Yasha & Roza

97. Grynstein, Dan & Mani & 2 children

98. Steinman, Chaim & Roza & 2 children

99. Budnkin, Bayala

100. Levin, Meir-Issac  wife & 3 children

101. Moliar, Fishka wife & children

102. Mazvelski family

103. Gernitz, Issac wife & children

*104. Leova, Bar Maron

105. Lilnberg, Kalman

 

106. Hershel the carpenter from Bodnovka , his wife & children

107. Bashevitz, Gila and daughtes

108. Bashevitz, Zalman & Raizel and children

109. Cohen, Moshe-Baruch & Chaya-Risha

110. Cohen, Chava

111. Shapiro, Moshe and son

112. Kutznitz, Meir & Sara and children

113. Kutznitz, Chana & daughter Malka

114. Konik, Avraham & wife

115  Katzman, Yehoshua & Pesel & children

116. Shulman, Mordecai & wife

117. Shulman, Leba

118. Shulman, Yacnah, her husband & children

119. Tamrin, Hershel wife & children

120. Tamrin, Radel

121. Itka the orphan & husband

122. Latucha, wife of Baruch-Gershon & children

123. Shochet, Yacov & Batia & children Gesha, Eliezer & Ester

124. Vulka, the widow & her children

125. 

126. Elphinir, Michla & children Mordecai, Elchanun & Sara

127. Elpinir, Perel & husband Yacov Garfinkel and daughter Sara

128. Elphir, Rochel & husband Ze'ev Levin

129. Krupner, Hershel wife and 3 children

130. Kruglin, Yitzchok-Dovid & Shendel

131. Fein, Yacov wife Zelta and children

132. Konick, Yacov & Sara

133. Dolgovski, Baruch & Chana & 3 children

134. Scvartzman, Yacov-Mordecai & Gitel

135. Holtzman, Leibel  & Etel children Beyla and Moshe

136. Holtzman, Yisroel-Peretz & Itka

137. Yoselviska, Rivka & daughter Masha Holtzman

138. Cohen, Aharon-Asher & Merka

139. Glazerman, Avraham and wife

140. Tregun, Hershel & Bayla

141. Flat, Tzviah and son

142. Ritterman, Kalman

143. Ritterman, Shloma & Rochel and 2 children

144. Svartzman, Meir & Chaya and 2 children

145. Shulman, Moshe & Hani-Raizel & 3 children

146. Shulman, Raiza 

147. Shulman, Yacov & Sara & children

148. Glaserman,  Chaim & Chaya-Devorah daughter Dina son Zelig

149. Cohen, Avraham-Yosef & Perel children Sara, Shmuel & Mordecai

150. Zlotnik, Hishka

151. Mushnik,  Asher & Freidel children Golda, Elka,Dovroshka & Danile

152. Nisnovitz, Yacov & Ester daughter Leya

153. Nissnovitz-Fein, Michla & daughter

154. Gleibman, Yisroel & wife & 3 children

155. Fein, David & wife

156. Begelman, Yisroel & wife & 2 children

157. Plotnitzki, Shlomo & 2 children

158. Steinberg, Avigador wife & 4 children

159. Reizin, wife of Moshe and daughter

160. Fein, Benyamin & Itka daughter Chana

161. Fein, Yacov wife & children

162. Fein, Meir wife Ester daughter Zelta

163. Felkov, Nachman & Chaya-Tovya son Baruch-Shloma & daughter Itke

164. Felcov, Alter & Rivka daughter Sonia

165. Cooperman, Moshe & Sheindel son Baruch-Shlomo

166. Golman, the widow her son Ephrim-Moshe & 3 daughters

167. Kolnik, Feivel & Tzerel 3 children

168. Musicant, Chaya-Devora

169. Bluvstein, Chaim-Zeisel wife & 5 children

170. Bluvstein, Mordecai wife & 5 children

 Rechov Bencova - Bencova Street

171. Zukerman, Ahron wife Reisel children Dina, Chaya, Yisroel & Bracha

172. Zuckerman, Zev wife Haya

173. Porez, Shmuel wife Chavachildren Eliezer & Lisa

174. Tlsin, Yacov wife Fruma children Aviva Elizer & Menacham

175. Feldman, Devorah

176. Cooperman, Eliezer wife Chava daughters Freidel & Nachama