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Galaxies - Types
CCD
Astrophotography Images
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Image
Gallery
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PJM's Astronomy Gallery
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Our Galaxy is by no means unique. It's structure is one of several spiral type systems Sa, Sb or Sc classified according to the relationship between the nuclear bulge and the spiral arms. A Sa type has a large central bulge and tightly wound spirals. A Sb type has equally prominent nucleus and spiral arms. Sc types exhibit a small nulclear bulge and have open spiral arms. These three types are exemplified below as Sa, Sb and Sc, from left to right.
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M90 a Sb type galaxy in Virgo. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 17 April 1999. Exposure time of 8 min. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin.
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M51 (Whirlpool Galaxy) a Sc type galaxy in Canes Venatici. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 20 May 1999. R:G:B:L composite of images of 12:15:12:5 min. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin. See IMAGE OF THE MONTH for more detail.
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M64 (Black-eye Galaxy) a Sa type galaxy in Coma Berenices. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 17 May 1999. Exposure time of 10 min. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin.
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S0 galaxies known as lenticular are intermediate between spiral and elliptical type galaxies.
Barred spiral galaxies, denoted by SB, are similar to ordinary spiral galaxies, except that the arms emanate from each end of a luminous bar, which straddles the nucleus.
M95 is an example of a barred spiral.
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M95, a SBb type galaxy in Leo. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus with LP filter on 28 April 2000. Sum of 3 images at 2, 4 and 6 min. Mag: 9.7 Size: 4.4 by 3.3 arcmin.
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Elliptical galaxies are highly symmetrical and possess no spiral or other structure. The are denoted by the letter E and a number from 0 to 7 to indicate shape from spherical (E0) to highly flattened (E7). The most massive are considerably larger than Our Galaxy and are defficient in interstellar matter.
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NGC 3115 (Spindle Galaxy) in Sextans, classified as a Type E6 elliptical galaxy. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 27 Feb. 1999. Exposure time of 2 by 2min. slew. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin.
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M84 in Virgo, classified as a Type E1 elliptical galaxy. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 18 April 1999. Exposure time of 8 min. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin.
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Irregular galaxies have no ordered structure and resemble large clouds. Most are lower in mass than Our Galaxy. They are denoted by I or Irr.
M82 is classified as an irregular galaxy. See Image of the Month for more detail.
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M82 in Ursa Major. 200mm Schmidt-Newtonian image at prime focus on 19 Oct. 1999. Composite of R:G:B:L images of 3:5:4:4 min. exposure. Field of view is 9 by 9 arcmin.
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More Galaxy Information?
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Spiral Galaxies
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This page contains images courtesy of Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Copyright (c) California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA. All rights reserved.
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